The C3 Spacer phosphoramidite can be incorporated internally or at the 5'-end of the oligo. Multiple C3 spacers can be added at either end of an oligo to introduce a long hydrophilic spacer arm for the attachment of fluorophores or other pendent groups.

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5' Internal 3'

2-Aminopurine

2-Aminopurine can substitute for dA in an oligonucleotide. It is a naturally fluorescent base that is sensitive to the local environment making it a useful probe for monitoring the structure and dynamics of DNA hairpins and for detecting the base stacking state of a duplex. 2-Aminopurine can be destabilizing and slightly lower the Tm.

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5' Internal 3'

Hexanediol

Hexanediol is a six carbon glycol spacer that is capable of blocking extension by DNA polymerases. This 3' modification is capable of supporting synthesis of longer oligos.

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1’,2’-Dideoxyribose (dSpacer)

The 1’,2’-Dideoxyribose modification is used to introduce a stable abasic site within an oligonucleotide.

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5' Internal 3'

PC Spacer

PC (Photo-Cleavable) Spacer can be placed between DNA bases or between the oligo and a 5'-modifier group. It offers a 10-atom spacer arm which can be cleaved with exposure to UV light in the 300-350 nm spectral range. Cleavage releases the oligo with a 5'-phosphate group.

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5' Internal

Spacer 9

Spacer 9 is a triethylene glycol spacer that can be incorporated at the 5'-end or 3'-end of an oligo or internally. Multiple insertions can be used to create long spacer arms.

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5' Internal 3'

Spacer 18

Spacer 18 is an 18-atom hexa-ethyleneglycol spacer. It is the longest spacer arm that can be added as a single modification.

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5' Internal 3'